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这个版块发帖要求：
学员先自己去摘抄一段地道标准的西班牙语，然后，在原文下面用自己的西班牙语去解说一遍。面对一份相同的西班牙语资料，每个西班牙语学员都会不同的答案，所以一定有哪一个解说会更地道，更符合原文的意义甚至隐含的信息。发帖格式举例：
-----下面是西班牙语原文：
El Ministerio de Defensa no quiere revelar las sanciones impuestas a los expedientados (un teniente coronel, dos comandantes y dos capitanes), amparándose en su carácter confidencial, pero la ley disciplinaria de las Fuerzas Armadas castiga con multa de ocho a 14 días las faltas graves de las que fueron acusados: “Hacer peticiones, reclamaciones, quejas o manifestaciones contrarias a la disciplina o basadas en aseveraciones falsas, así como formularlas con carácter colectivo a través de los medios de comunicación social” y “efectuar con publicidad manifestaciones o expresar opiniones que supongan infracción del deber de neutralidad política o sindical”.
-----原文链接：
https://elpais.com/politica/2019 ... 9413981_523528.html
-----我的paráfrasis：
Las sanciones que impusieron a los .......se hace.... El ministerio...................................
...................................................
这个paráfrasis版块的意义
任何一门外语，学习到一定程度，总会感觉到了一个平台效应。总觉得自己很难再进步了。这个时候，我们要用一个狠招了。就是：
paráfrasis， 或者动词形式，parafrasear，更通俗点说也就是 reformular...
相对于英语的rephrase或者paraphrase，这个--paráfrasis--的意义不仅仅是练习西班牙语口语，而是西语学员整个西班牙语水平本质提高的一个刻苦训练的方法。
其实学任何一门外语，这个方法，才是我们一定要格外重视，也应该花充分的时间去练习的。先看看英语里怎么解释paraphrase：
Paraphrase: to express what sb has said or written using different words, especially in order to make it easier to understand.
也就是，我们看到别人写的外语文字，或者听别人说的外语，我们不仅自己要能理解，更重要的是，能用更容易理解的文字去重新解释。
这个不仅仅是解释，释义，或者意译的问题，而是外语学习者的一个语法、词汇（不同的层次的词汇）、意义理解的问题，也是用外语思维，以及文化角色转换的过程。
这个术语是paraphrase，通常也理解为意译（sense-for-sense translation）是通过换句话，重述一个文本或段落。“Sense-for-sense translation”不同于“free translation”，后者指“unfaithful”的翻译。意译指单词在从一种语言翻译到另一种语言时根据其语意而不是根据其读音来进行翻译。与之相对的是音译。另外，意译亦指在翻译句子或词组（或更大的意群）时，与直译相对的翻译方式。
参考：
英语解说--paraphrase
A paraphrase is a restatement of the meaning of a text or passage using other words. The term itself is derived via Latin paraphrasis from Greek παράφρασις, meaning "additional manner of expression". The act of paraphrasing is also called "paraphrasis".
A paraphrase typically explains or clarifies the text that is being paraphrased. For example, "The signal was red" might be paraphrased as "The train was not allowed to pass because the signal was red". A paraphrase is usually introduced with verbum dicendi—a declaratory expression to signal the transition to the paraphrase. For example, in "The signal was red, that is, the train was not allowed to proceed," the that is signals the paraphrase that follows.
A paraphrase does not need to accompany a direct quotation, the paraphrase typically serves to put the source's statement into perspective or to clarify the context in which it appeared. A paraphrase is typically more detailed than a summary. One should add the source at the end of the sentence, for example: When the light was red, trains could not go (Wikipedia).
Paraphrase may attempt to preserve the essential meaning of the material being paraphrased. Thus, the (intentional or otherwise) reinterpretation of a source to infer a meaning that is not explicitly evident in the source itself qualifies as "original research," and not as paraphrase.
Unlike a metaphrase, which represents a "formal equivalent" of the source, a paraphrase represents a "dynamic equivalent" thereof. While a metaphrase attempts to translate a text literally, a paraphrase conveys the essential thought expressed in a source text, if necessary, at the expense of literality. For details, see dynamic and formal equivalence.
The term is applied to the genre of Biblical paraphrases, which were the most widely circulated versions of the Bible available in medieval Europe. Here, the purpose was not to render an exact rendition of the meaning or the complete text, but to present material from the Bible in a version that was theologically orthodox and not subject to heretical interpretation, or, in most cases, to take from the Bible and present to a wide public material that was interesting, entertaining and spiritually meaningful, or, simply to abridge the text.
The phrase "in your own words" is often used within this context to imply that the writer has rewritten the text in their own writing style - how they would have written it if they had created the idea. Nowadays, there are some models to learn and recognize paraphrase on natural language texts.
西班牙语解说--paráfrasis
La paráfrasis (coloquialmente parafraseo) es la explicación, con palabras propias, del contenido de un texto para aclarar y facilitar la asimilación de la información contenida en ese texto.
La paráfrasis consiste en decir, con palabras más sencillas y/o con menos tecnicismos, las ideas propias obtenidas de un texto determinado. Así, se facilita su comprensión, ya que se expresa la información original extraída de una forma diferente, bajo el mismo código de comunicación. La paráfrasis es también una forma rápida y sencilla de adquirir conocimientos, ya que parafrasear un texto facilita el recordar lo leído.
Paráfrasis puede entenderse también como una «traducción» que da al texto una visión clara, precisa y didáctica para otros lectores. No se trata, pues, de una «traducción» a otro idioma, sino, una forma de resumir un texto con las palabras propias de un individuo con una cultura determinada.
La palabra española «paráfrasis» procede de la latina paraphrăsis, que a su vez procede de la griega παράφρασις: imitación del texto original, que se imita sin reproducirlo, empleando para ello otro lenguaje, normalmente más sencillo y práctico.
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发表于 2019-9-25 22:17:50
楼主
发表于 2019-9-25 22:30:04
